The course then proceeds to examine the question of who governs in authoritarian regimes. Causal depth or shallowness in rival explanations, 1999 apsa paper. These varying constellations of institutions may produce different outcomes and create distinct regime logics. International regimes include not only explicit rules like. Peter haas argues that international regimes would be created by the hegemon, but its substance would reflect epistemic consensus. The authoritarian regime and transition type dataset artt potentially has numerous applications. Sultanistic regimes, as juan linz describes them, are authoritarian re. Sultanistic regimes, due to the high personalization of power, include the manip. Part one contains two comparative essays, which discuss common characteristics of sultanistic regimes, compare them to totalitarian and authoritarian regimes. Chapter 5 in daniel brumberg and farideh fardi, eds. We will look at conceptual distinctions between and empirical examples of personalist, monarchical, military. Thus, the inheritance of leadership from a family member in monarchies is not unique among the various types of regimes.
Sultanistic regimes johns hopkins university press books. This thesis investigates why extreme forms of personal rule arise and endure in the contemporary international system. Linz, totalitarian and authoritarian regimes boulder. A study of government in the republic of turkmenistan, 19922006.
Given their lowly origins and the tenuous social basis of their regimes, sultanistic rulers often attempt to create family alliances with the old elite. Geddes, in contrast, finds that sultanistic regimes are resilient and that military regimes are more vulnerable to challenge geddes, 2003. This volume of essays studies important sultantistic regimes in the domanican republic, cuba, haiti, iran, and the philippines. An alternative conceptualization and ordering of regimes are subsequently introduced using a configurative approach. The essential reality in a sultanistic regime is that all individuals, groups and institutions are permanently. Popular discontent, revolution, and democratization in. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. More particularly, it seeks to answer the puzzle of why the regime of president saparmurat niyazov turkmenbashi, in the central asian republic of turkmenistan, has paradoxically proven to be one of the regions most stable states between 1992 and 2006. This volume of essays studies important sultantistic regimes in the domanican republic, cuba, haiti, iran, and the.
Linz, a theory of sultanism, in chehabi and linz, eds. This paper describes in depth three areas in which the dictatorship in turkmenistan had a negative impact on population health. It emphasizes the personalistic, lawless, nonideological type of authoritarian rule the author calls the sultanistic regime. This is why sultanistic regimes are weakly institutionalized. The state consists of a professional bureaucracy, armed forces, judiciary, and is likely to remain relatively stable within a regime change. These theories draw the wrath of both postmodernists and rationalists. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Between totalitarianism and pluralism download ebook pdf. International regimes are close to international organizations and international treaties. Authoritarianism in an age of democratization by jason. Unlike the shah of iran or somoza of nicaragua, however, marcosappearedto be offering the possibility of a peaceful transfer of power by holding a special presidential election. Totalitarian or sultanistic regimes exercised total control over the economy. Typically, personalist dictators come to power through a military coup or the revolutionary overthrow.
The protests that began in tunisia in december 2010, and quickly spread across the arab world, have drawn significant attention to the impact of militaries and coercive institutions on protests and revolutionary movements. Work has highlighted the variety of forms that authoritarian politics can take, from military regimes to one party civilian rule. In political science, sultanism is a form of authoritarian government characterized by the. Transitional justice in post communist romania download. These different forms of regimes can frequently not be categorized accurately, although they draw on different groups to staff government offices and different segments of society for support. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
Originally a chapter in the handbook of political science, this analysis develops the fundamental destinction between totalitarian and authoritarian systems. February 6 and 8 guarding the guards and military regimes. Like all regimes, democracies depend upon the presence of rulers, persons who occupy specialized authority roles and can give legitimate commands to others. The sultan is not a tutelary power that stands over, interferes or participates in the governance of the regular political systemit is the political system itself. Of course, political dynasties can, and often do, appear even in democratic regimes. Military defection and the arab spring oxford research. Sultanistic regimes, as juan linz describes them, are authoritarian regimes based on personal ideology and personal favor to maintain the autocrat in power. In such regimes, democratic change is more likely to come from nonviolent resistance than from internal reform. Malcolm byrne, cia admits it was behind irans coup. How sultanistic regimes emerge sultanistic personalistic dictatorships have emerged in a number of. The growth of global markets, such as chinas, creates autonomous. Goldstone illustrates that sultanistic regimes overthrown in the last 30 years have more often than not turned to democracy. Nondemocratic rule, in sultanistic regimes 3, 11 h. However, specific polities may vary immensely in the paths available for transition and the unfinished tasks the new democracy must face before it is consolidated.
Abstract this paper appraises the state of the field onhybrid regimes by depicting the tensions and blurred boundaries of democracy and authoritarianism with adjectives. Herbert kitschelt, accounting for outcomes of postcommunist regime change. Given the unaccountable authority of the supreme leader, the islamic republic should be classified as a sultanistic regime. More particularly, it seeks to answer the puzzle of why the regime of president saparmurat niyazov turkmenbashi, in the central asian republic of turkmenistan, has paradoxically proven to be one of the regions most stable states between 1992 and 2006, notwithstanding the. The events of 1989 are widely seen as having ushered in new allencompassing reforms in almost all areas of life. In tunisia and egypt the decision by military leaders to abstain. In fact, he had called the polls not to prove his popularity at. Sultanic definition of sultanic by the free dictionary. Yasmin alem, electoral politics, power, and prospects for reform. An interesting feature of some sultanistic regimes is that the founder is often more.
Jack goldstone groups all the regimes together as increasingly corrupt sultanistic regimes. The book is split into a theoretical section and case studies. The arab world had remained the exception for the analogy. In sultanistic regimes, leadership is often inherited, which may not be a remarkable fact except that many of the states are nominal republics. Robert fishman among others distinguishes conceptually between state and regime. Strong cognitivist theories, contrastingly, use a more sociological approach. It is designed to, in particular, to test whether the type of authoritarian regime, the length of that regime, or the type of transition to democracy affect specific components of the democratization process or decisions of new democratic leaders. Our central endeavor in the next two chapters is to show how and why muchthough of. Today, economic control is exerted through patronage,forexample,throughoilrents,asinthe majority of authoritarian regimes, or through predation, as in zimbabwe. Personalistic dictatoships find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Combining structural and voluntarist perspectives, in h. Product features and decorations may vary from photographs. However, international regimes are conceptually institutions, which are nonmaterial phenomena unlike international organizations, which have a material existence with personnel staff and budgets.
The theoretical section does a pretty good job at generalizing essential features of sultanistic regimes. Please click button to get sultanistic regimes book now. Regimes and resistance, edited by martha posusney and michelle angrist, 6390. Rather than place regimes on a linear continuum from. Jc kecheng fang rated it it was amazing aug 22, gold coast campus library. Linz sultanistic regimes, as juan linz describes them, are authoritarian regimes based on personal ideology and personal favor to maintain the autocrat in power. He contends that such regimes are vulnerable to revolutionary uprisings goldstone, 2011.
The concept of sultanistic regimes was created by the conformity analysis of juan linz about non. Part one contains two comparative essays, which discuss common characteristics of sultanistic regimes, compare them to totalitarian and authoritarian regimes, and trace common patterns for these regimes rise and fall. Nondemocratic regimes are not, however, a homogenous group, but employ different sets of institutions. In sultanistic regimes there are no institutional mechanisms for arranging a transition to democracy. Among the worlds authoritarian governments there have always been those based not on ideology, nor a leaders. Freely was a very regular churchman, but at the oyster club he was sometimes a little free in his conversation, more than hinting at a life of sultanic selfindulgence which he had passed in the west indies, shaking his head now and then and smiling rather bitterly, as men are wont to do when they intimate that they have become a little too wise to be instructed about a world which has long. This site is like a library, you could find million book here by using search box in the widget. The actions of the militaries were a central determinant of the outcomes of the uprisings of 20102011.
Subsequent studies of authoritarian politics have sought to develop approaches that explore the diversity of authoritarian regimes, their nature, genesis and collapse. Jun 14, 2016 this thesis investigates why extreme forms of personal rule arise and endure in the contemporary international system. Sultanistic regimes attempts to remedy that, at least for the extreme form of sultanistic personalist regimes. Goodwin and skocpol 1989 label this type of regime exclusionary authoritarian while others use the term neopatrimonial dictatorships snyder 1992.
It must also be recognised that a different form of democracy may need to develop in order to be effective in a middle eastern cultural context. Applying more than a year of original fieldwork in egypt, iran, malaysia, and the philippines, in this book jason brownlee shows that the mixed record of recent democratization is best deciphered through a historical and institutional approach to. Sultanistic regimes can be classified as a government structure that. Who wins, who loses, who negotiates peace in civil wars. Far from sweeping the globe uniformly, the third wave of democratization left burgeoning republics and resilient dictatorships in its wake. He is the author of democracy and development cambridge university press, 1992 and institutions and. Over the past few decades most regions around the world have undergone significant transitions and democratisation efforts with varying degrees of success.
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